第九篇: 斜正

原文

或曰﹕“棋以变诈为务，劫杀为名，岂非诡道耶？”予曰﹕“不然。”《易》云﹕“师出以律，否藏凶。”兵本不尚诈，谋言诡行者，乃战国纵横之说。棋虽小道，实与兵合。故棋之品甚繁，而弈之者不一。得品之下者，举无思虑，动则变诈。或用手以影其势，或发言以泄其机。得品之上者，则异于是。皆沉思而远虑，因形而用权。神游局内，意在子先。图胜于无朕，灭行于未然。岂假言辞喋喋，手势翩翩者哉？《传》曰﹕“正而不谲。”其是之谓欤？

白话文

有人说：“围棋专务机变诈术，以劫杀著名，难道不是诡诈之道吗？”我说：“不是。”《易经》说：“军队出动要有纪律，否则藏着凶祸。”兵法本不崇尚欺诈，只把诈术当作辅助。围棋虽是小道，其实与兵法相通。所以棋手层次很多，下法也各异。下品棋手毫无深思，动辄玩弄诈术，或用手势迷惑人，或用言语泄露机心。上品棋手则不同，他们深思远虑，因势用权，心神游于棋局之内，落子之前意已先至，于无形处谋胜，于未然时止败。哪里需要喋喋不休、故作姿态？《传》说：“正而不诈。”说的正是这个道理。

Translation

Someone says: “Weiqiconcerns itself with deception and sudden turns; ko-fights and killing are its celebrated arts. Is it not therefore a crooked way?” I answer: No. The Changes say: “When an army moves, it must move by discipline; where discipline fails, calamity is concealed.” Warfare itself does not honor deceit as highest principle; that doctrine belonged to the persuaders of the Warring States. Weiqi, though a small art, accords in truth with the laws of war. Therefore its grades are many, and those who play it are not one kind. The low-grade player thinks little and reaches at once for trickery. He waves the hand to suggest false force, or speaks to leak intention and disturb the other. The high-grade player is otherwise. He thinks deeply and plans afar, adapting power to shape. His spirit moves within the board; his intention arrives before the stone. He seeks victory before signs appear, and extinguishes defeat before it is born. What need has such a one for chattering words and fluttering gestures? The Tradition says: “Straight, yet not deceitful.” It speaks of this.