第八篇: 度情

原文

人生而静，其情难见；感物而动，然后可辨。推之于棋，胜败可得而先验。持重而廉者多得，轻易而贪者多丧。不争而自保者多胜，务杀而不顾者多败。因败而思者，其势进；战胜而骄者，其势退。求己弊不求人之弊者，益；攻其敌而不知敌之攻己者，损。目凝一局者，其思周；心役他事者，其虑散。行远而正者吉，机浅而诈者凶。能畏敌者强，谓人莫己若者亡。意旁通者高，心执一者卑。语默有常，使敌难量。动静无度，招人所恶。《诗》云﹕“他人之心，予时度之。”

白话文

人本静定，情绪难见；受外物触动之后，才可分辨。推到下棋上，胜败也往往可预先看出。稳重节制的人多有所得，轻率贪婪的人多有损失。不轻争而善自保者多胜，只知杀夺而不顾后果者多败。因失败而反思者进步，因胜利而骄傲者退步。反求诸己者得益，只顾攻人而不知自守者受损。专注棋局者思虑周密，心被杂事牵引者思虑散乱。志向远大而行事正直者吉，心机浅薄而狡诈者凶。敬畏强敌者强，自以为无人能及者亡。触类旁通者高明，执于一端者低下。言语沉默皆有常度，使敌难测；动静失度，只招人厌恶。《诗经》说：“他人心中所思，我试加揣度。”

Translation

Man is born in stillness, and his dispositions are hard to see; only when stirred by things do they become discernible. So too in Weiqi: victory and defeat may often be foreseen. The steady and restrained gain much; the rash and greedy lose much. He who does not contend needlessly yet preserves himself wins often; he who seeks only to kill and ignores consequence loses often. He who reflects after defeat advances; he who grows proud after victory declines. He who seeks his own faults profits; he who attacks the enemy while blind to the enemy’s attack upon himself is harmed. He whose gaze rests wholly on the board thinks comprehensively; he whose heart serves other matters thinks in fragments. To aim far and act uprightly is fortunate; to scheme shallowly and deceitfully is ruinous. He who can respect a strong enemy is strong; he who believes none equal to himself perishes. He whose understanding reaches by analogy is elevated; he whose mind clings to one path is low. Let speech and silence keep their measure, and the opponent cannot read you. Let motion and stillness lose measure, and you invite contempt. The Odes say: “The hearts of others—I would measure them in season.”