第四篇: 合战

原文

博弈之道，贵乎谨严。高者在腹，下者在边，中者占角，此棋家之常然。法曰﹕宁输数子，勿失一先。有先而后，有后而先。击左则视右，攻后则瞻前。两生勿断，皆活勿连。阔不可太疏，密不可太促。与其恋子以求生，不若弃子而取势，与其无事而强行，不若因之而自补。彼众我寡，先谋其生。我众彼寡，务张其势。善胜者不争，善阵者不战。善战者不败，善败者不乱。夫棋始以正合，终以奇胜。必也，四顾其地，牢不可破，方可出人不意，掩人不备。凡敌无事而自补者，有侵袭之意也。弃小而不就者，有图大之心也。随手而下者，无谋之人也。不思而应者，取败之道也。诗云﹕“惴惴小心，如临于谷。”

白话文

围棋之道，贵在谨慎严密。高手争腹地，下手争边地，中等争角地，这是常理。宁可损失几子，也不要失去先手。先后之势常可互换。攻左须顾右，攻后须顾前。两块都能活的棋不要强行断开，都已活的棋不必再连。棋形开阔不可过疏，紧密不可过促。与其恋子求活，不如弃子取势；与其无事强行，不如顺势补强。敌众我寡，先谋求生；我众敌寡，务必扩张优势。善胜者不争小利，善布阵者不轻战。善战者不败，善败者不乱。开局以常法成势，终局常以奇法取胜。但必须自身无破绽，方能出其不意。敌无故补棋，是有侵袭之意；弃小利不顾，是图谋大局。随手下子者无谋，不思而应者取败。诗云：“战战兢兢，如临深谷。”

Translation

In the Way of Weiqi, rigor is precious. The highest contend for the center, the lesser for the sides, the middling for the corners. Better to lose several stones than lose a single initiative. What seems first may become last; what seems late may become first. Strike left while watching right; attack behind while guarding before. If two groups may both live, do not sever them; if both already live, do not force connection. Breadth must not become looseness; density must not become suffocation. Better to abandon stones and seize momentum than cling to stones and beg for life. Better to repair according to circumstance than act merely to act. When the enemy is many and you are few, first seek survival. When you are many and he is few, expand your force. He who truly wins does not quarrel over trifles. He who truly arrays his forces does not need battle. He who knows battle does not lose; he who knows loss does not collapse. The game begins through orthodox form and ends through unexpected victory. Yet only when one’s own ground is secure may one strike by surprise. If the opponent repairs without cause, he intends invasion. If he abandons the small, he schemes for the great. To play casually is the mark of one without design. To answer without thought is the road to defeat. The Odes say: “Be watchful and small in caution, as if standing before an abyss.”