棋经十三篇: 序

原文

《传》曰：“饱食终日，无所用心，不有博弈者乎？”桓谭《新论》曰：“世有围棋之戏，或言是兵家之类。上者远其疏张，置以会围，因而成得道之胜。中者，则务相绝遮，要以争便求利，故胜负狐疑，须计数以定。下者则守边隅，趋作罫，以自生于小地。春秋而下，代有其人。”则弈棋之道，从来问矣。今取胜败之要，分为十三篇，有与兵法合者，亦附于中云尔。

白话文

《论语》说：“整天吃饱了饭，却无所用心，不如下下博戏围棋吧？”桓谭在《新论》中说：“世上有围棋这种游戏，有人说它近似兵家之术。高明的人，着眼于远处疏阔处的经营布置，通过会合包围而取得合乎棋理的胜利。中等的人，专务彼此隔断遮拦，以争取便利和利益，因此胜负往往难明，还需要计算目数才能决定。下等的人，只知守住边角，急于做活，在狭小之地求生。从春秋以来，代代都有这样的人。”由此可见，围棋之道由来已久。如今我取其中关于胜败的关键道理，分为十三篇；凡与兵法相通的地方，也一并附载其中。

Translation

The Tradition says: “To eat one’s fill all day and apply the mind to nothing, would it not be better to have games and Weiqi?” Huan Tan, in the *New Discourses*, said: “There is in the world the game of Weiqi, and some say it belongs to the family of military arts. The highest players attend to distant and open spaces, placing stones so that forces may converge and encircle, thereby winning in accordance with principle. The middling players labor at cutting and blocking, seeking advantage and immediate gain; thus victory and defeat remain uncertain until counting decides them. The lowest guard only edges and corners, hastening to make life in petty ground. Since the Spring and Autumn age, every generation has had such men.” Thus the Way of Weiqihas long been questioned and discussed. I have now selected the essentials of victory and defeat and divided them into thirteen chapters. Wherever its principles accord with the art of war, I have appended those matters within them as well.